Propeller Fans – NIS-CO Blog

Exhaust Fans & Inline Fans for Residential Ventilation

Most of today’s new homes are highly insulated and practically air tight. While this is great as far as cost effective energy bills go, the down side to tightly insulated homes is poor indoor air quality. As windows and doors are typically kept shut throughout the day, moisture, and stale air that can carry contaminants and pathogens circulates inside homes and gives rise to various problems including mold and mildew, health problems, ruined furniture, peeling paint etc. This is why it is important that you take every step to improve the quality of your indoor air, which can be achieved through mechanical ventilation.

An excellent way to ventilate your home thoroughly, efficiently, and cheaply is to install exhaust fans in your home. This article explains what exhaust fans are, their different types, how to select the best one for your home, and also the benefits of exhaust ventilation fans.

What Are Exhaust Fans

An exhaust fan is a mechanical ventilation device that helps to draw out stale and impure air from your home and bring in fresh air, thereby improving the quality of indoor air. Exhaust fans are typically ducted to the exteriors of your house, through which bad indoor air can effectively be removed from your living space.

Types Of Exhaust Fans

Exhaust fans are classified into various types, mainly depending on the type of mount and the location where you need to install the fans. The different types are:

1. Ceiling Mounted Exhaust Fans: As the name suggests, ceiling exhaust fans are those which are installed in the ceiling. Such fans expel stale air from your home upwards through the roof. The fan is connected to ducting, which is exhausted outside the home via an external vent, like a roof cap or soffit exhaust vent.

2. Inline Exhaust Fans: Unlike ceiling exhaust fans that are installed directly into the ceiling, inline exhaust fans are typically mounted in-between ducting, hence the name inline fan. For instance, if you wanted to ventilate an area that did not have clearance or space for a ceiling mount fan, you would make use of inline exhaust fans to ventilate such areas. The exhaust fan would be placed in between the ductwork and the stale air would travel through the ducts and ultimately be expelled from your home. Since inline fans are not mounted directly to the ceiling, they are very quiet. When installing an inline fan, to reduce noise, we recommend using an insulated flex duct that is at least eight feet long from the intake port on the ceiling to the inline fan.

Inline exhaust fans are ideal for exhausting areas or rooms where you cannot, or do not wish to install the exhaust fan directly. Since these types of exhaust fans are mounted in remote areas, they are also referred to as remote mounted exhaust fans. Inline exhaust fans can either be single-port (exhausting from a single area) or multi-port (exhausting from multiple areas).

3. Wall Mounted Exhaust Fans: These exhaust fans are installed on walls. Since they are installed on exterior walls of the home and not on interior walls, the stale air has a direct route to the outside of your home and thus no duct work is required in installing these exhaust fans.

4. Combination Exhaust Fans: Exhaust fans are also available as combination units. You have the choice of a fan-light combination where the exhaust fan provides illumination as well, or heat-fan-light combination wherein you get a heater, light and ventilating fan all in a single device.

5. Exterior Remote Mounted Exhaust Fans: While most other exhaust fans are installed inside your home and push stale air out, exterior remote mounted fans are installed outside your home and pull out stale indoor air instead of pushing it out. The main benefit of these exhaust fans is that regardless of however noisy they are, most of the noise remains outside your home.

6. Kitchen Range Exhaust Fans: These fans are mounted inside the range hood over your kitchen stove. Such fans not only help to rid your kitchen of stale air but also help to expel bad odors and reduce moisture levels in your cooking area.

These several types of exhaust fans can be used for complete ventilation of your home including intermittent local ventilation for baths, kitchens, dryer rooms; continuous whole house ventilation throughout your home, and for exhausting hard-to-air spaces such as crawl spaces, attics, and basements.

Benefits Of Exhaust Fans

Exhaust fans are very effective at ventilating your home and other living spaces. Without proper ventilation, the air inside your home can get filled with harmful contaminants and disease causing pathogens.

Pollutants such as pesticides, harmful gases, smoke, pet dander, lead, asbestos, dust mites, paint fumes, grease etc get released into indoor air due to daily activities such as cooking, smoking, burning fuel, bathing, renovating etc. In addition to these pollutants, activities such as bathing, cooking, and washing also release excess moisture in the air and make indoor air extremely humid. If not ventilated adequately, these added pollutants and increased moisture levels can decrease the quality of indoor air greatly, thereby leading to various problems such as:

Health problems including asthma, allergies, nose bleeds, skin rashes, headaches, nausea, and other breathing disorders. In fact, according to the Environmental Protection Agency, a large percentage of the over 20 million annual asthma cases in the US alone can be attributed to bad indoor air quality.

Split, warped and rotted furniture due to excess humidity.

Cracked and peeling paint on the walls.

Formation of fungus, mold spores, and mildew, which in turn lead to severe health problems.

Thus, by using exhaust fans to ventilate your home efficiently and completely, thereby improving indoor air quality, you can rid yourself and your home of all these problems.

Recommended Sizing Of Exhaust Fans

To ventilate your home effectively, it is important that the exhaust fan you choose has the capacity to exhaust the intended space completely. To ensure this, you must select the right sized fan for your needs. Here’s a look at how to size exhaust fans properly.

1. Location of the Exhaust Fan and Air Changes Per Hour:

Where you intend to install the exhaust fan will have a direct bearing on its size. As per the Home Ventilating Institute (HVI), different locations in your home require varying Air Changes Per Hour (ACH) in order to be ventilated properly. Here are the ACH requirements recommended by HVI.

8 ACH for bathrooms

15 ACH for kitchens

6 ACH for rooms other than bath and kitchen

ACH refers to the number of times the air should be completely changed in an hour. Thus, an 8 ACH recommendation for bathrooms means the exhaust fan should have the capacity to completely change the air in the bathroom 8 times in one hour.

All exhaust fans are rated in CFM, which refers to Cubic Feet per Minute. To determine how large an exhaust fan you need (in other words, CFM rating of the fan) here’s what you need to do.

Sizing Bathroom Exhaust Fans:

First and foremost, measure the dimensions (length, width, and height) of the room and then calculate the volume of air in the room by multiplying all these 3 numbers. For instance, if your bathroom has dimensions of 6 x 10 x 8, then the air volume in the bathroom is 480 cubic feet. Thus, the exhaust fan needs to ventilate 480 cubic feet of air in order to achieve 1 ACH. But since the recommended ACH for bathrooms is 8, the fan will effectively need to ventilate 480 x 8 cubic feet, which equals 3840 cubic feet in one hour. Fan ratings are per minute, thus by dividing 3840 by 60, you can achieve the desired CFM rating for the fan which in this case is 64.

A simpler way of determining the CFM rating for bathroom exhaust fans is to simply multiply the length of the bathroom by its width. For every 1 sq. ft. of floor area, you need 1 CFM. Thus, in the above example, area would be 6 x 10 = 60, thus recommended fan size would be 60 CFM.

However, if your bathroom is more than 100 sq. ft. in size, you have to add the different fixtures in your bathroom to reach the desired CFM rating. The recommended CFM for different fixtures is:

· Shower – 50 CFM

· Toilet – 50 CFM

· Bathtub – 50 CFM

· Whirlpool tub – 100 CFM

Thus, if your bathroom is more than 100 sq. ft. in size and has a toilet and shower, you will need an exhaust fan with 100 CFM rating. If a bathtub is also present the CFM rating will increase to 150 and so on.

Sizing Kitchen Exhaust Fans:

When sizing an exhaust fan for the kitchen, you have to take into account the location of your kitchen cooking range (if without range hood) or the size and location of the range hood if there is one. Here are the recommended CFM ratings for kitchen range hood exhaust fans:

Generally speaking, for every 10,000 BTU of the range, it is recommended a minimum of 100 CFM. So if your range is rated at 50,000 btu’s, you would consider getting a fan with at least 500 CFM.

2. Understanding Static Pressure and Measuring Equivalent Duct Length:

When sizing an exhaust fan that does not open directly to the outside but is ducted, it is important to ensure that the exhaust fan has the capability to move stale air throughout the duct and ultimately to the outside. Here, we first need to understand what static pressure and equivalent duct length is.

Static Pressure: Inside every duct, there is a constant pressure being exerted at any point from all directions. When an exhaust fan moves air through the duct, the air counters resistance from this pressure which is known as static pressure. Thus, an exhaust fan has to have the ability to overcome the static pressure in a duct so as to effectively duct stale air to the outside of your home. This can be done by calculating the equivalent duct length of any duct.

Calculating Equivalent Duct Length (EDL): Simply measuring the length of a duct is not enough to know how much static pressure an exhaust fan has to overcome. Ducts may have one or more elbows, turns, or wall caps which add to the static pressure in a duct. Thus, you have to calculate the equivalent duct run and not the actual duct run so as to size an exhaust fan properly.

The static pressure in any duct run differs according to the material of the duct, number of elbows and turns, exterior wall cap and wall jacks etc. Listed below are the standard values for different duct components.

Smooth metal duct: Actual duct length x 1

Flex aluminum duct: Actual duct length x 1.25 (for 4″diameter duct)

Actual duct length x 1.50 (for 6″diameter duct)

Insulated flex duct: Actual duct length x 1.50 (for 4″diameter duct)

Actual duct length x 2.00 (for 6″diameter duct)

Wall caps and roof caps: 30 feet for each cap (for 4″diameter duct)

40 feet for each cap (for 6″diameter duct)

Elbows and turns: 15 feet for each (for 4″diameter duct)

20 feet for each (for 6″diameter duct)

Using the above values, you can calculate the equivalent straight duct length that an exhaust fan has to overcome so as to push stale air outside your home and counter static pressure effectively.

For more information about proper building ventilation please visit the Fan and Blower company web site http://www.fanblower.com/centrifugal_fans.htm

Susann Terlitski
Designer of Industrial Air Handling Units
Fan and Blower Co.
abbblower@abbblower.com
http://www.fanblower.com/low_&_medium_pressure_blower_fan.htm
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Residential Ventilation

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Industrial Air Curtains

The idea of having an invisible barrier across the doorway to enable unimpeded access yet effectively prevent temperature flow, dust, odours and insects to cross, is appealing in itself but add to this the cost-saving in reducing energy use and the idea becomes more compelling, especially as air curtains are relatively inexpensive items.

Appropriate for industrial applications

Keeping warm air out of insulated cold stores or refrigerated facilities is the Number 1 objective yet a mockery is made of this premise when freezer of chiller doors are left wide open and, in some cases, chocked open to facilitate the movement or storage of perishables.

Self-generated pressure evolves from a non-circulatory type of air curtain as the jet induces ambient air into the stream. When the air curtain is installed on the outside of a cold room, the air spills back into the room and continues to do so until the pressure builds up to such a point that the air stream deflects to the outside.

Pressure Form Stack

The pressure-form-stack effect evolves when the cold air in the room is denser than the warmer outside air. The higher the ceiling, the higher the pressure becomes inside the cold room. The velocity of the air curtain should therefore be high enough to compensate for the outward pressure at the lower part of the cold room.

Wind pressures occur because of the conversion of the velocity pressure in the wind into static pressure. Of particular significance is the stability of the air curtain, which is directed by its outlet momentum. The curtain of air must be able to withstand pressure variations between the inside and the outside of the cold room. The outlet momentum should be sufficiently sustained and strong enough to stabilise the air at the floor. It is therefore essential to incorporate controls in the design of the air curtain to increase the strength of the velocity and ensure a stiff curtain of air and to decrease the velocity to prevent unnecessary heat and moisture transfer at the door.

Refrigeration Applications

In refrigeration applications, a high volume of turbulent air hitting the floor tens to form ice on the floor of freezers – this is not desirable or necessary so air flow needs to be adjusted so that it barely hits the floor. This can be accomplished by adjusting air louvers or fan speed to obtain the desired velocity. Drafts are eliminated by ensuring that air flow is vertical. The air curtain may be mounted on either the warm or cold side of the cooler with equal effectiveness.

The volume of air flow varies according to temperature difference between internal and external air and air exchange is therefore caused by thermal temperature differences. Using known values for the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, the densities, pressure differences and ultimately the air flow through the opening can be calculated.

Properly installed air curtains cut cold air loss and reduce humidity, thus reducing the load on refrigeration or air-conditioning plant and thereby saving energy by reducing compressor running time, maintenance, gas and recharging intervals. These units are an alternative to fast-acting roller doors and PVC slat curtains, and can be situated above or to the side of industrial doorways to create a powerful seal across the opening, keeping cold air in while providing complete visibility and access. This means that forklift drivers don’t have to get out of their cabs to open and close doors so that moving from one area to another is a lot easier and productive. Unlike plastic slat curtains, which quickly become opaque with use, an air curtain provides 100% visibility at all times. Units have been installed in loading bays, factories, hangars and production facilities, such as food processing and pharmaceuticals, where differential temperatures are encountered overseas.

Canadian Air Systems Co. is a well known designer and manufacturer of industrial and commercial air curatain systems and environmental air barriers.

For special applications Canadian Air Systems offer tangential air curtains to achieve high volume alminar air flow – to create permanent environmental air barriers.

For additional information please refer to http://nis-co.com/Index.html.

Oleg Tchetchel
Ventilation Engineer
Canadian Air Systems
http://www.nis-co.com
http://nis-co.com/aircurtain/Index.html

Air Curtains for Large Buildings Doors

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Industrial Floor Fans

There are many industrial floor fans available on the market today. It may be difficult for you to chose from the various styles and colors available. The most common ones are black, metal or white. Some can go close to the floor and some are on stands. You need to be sure that you pick the type which fulfills your needs.

One thing to consider is the size of the area you want to cool. If it is a larger area then you may need to purchase a stand to put it on. If you have a smaller room then a small floor industrial fan is more appropriate. You must also consider safety and place the fan in a location where mishaps are unlikely to occur.

Industrial Fans Manufacturers

There are also many manufactures who produce industrial floor fans. This should also be selected with caution. Be sure you pick a manufacturer who is well known and has good feedback. If purchasing a fan made by an unknown or not so popular manufacturer, do some research to find out the type of support they provide. Make sure you check to see what is covered by warranties.

Choosing an Industrial Floor Fan

When picking out your industrial floor fan, make sure you see what can of noise is generated. This aspect will not make a difference if the fan is located in a garage or another area that is not used often. If the fan makes a lot of noise in a heavily used area, it can become an issue, especially in the workplace. It can take away concentration from work. Of course, the larger ones will be noisier only because of the size. Some make a lot of noise because of how they are designed. Others are designed to be quiet and do the job efficiently. Don’t only go by looks. Make sure you look at all of the product specifications.

Select a model that generates as little noise as possible. It won’t be possible to get one which is silent, but get one which won’t affect daily activities for your business.

Why are these industrial floor fans used?

One main reason for getting an industrial floor fan is energy efficiency. Typical air conditioning for a large area will run up bills. A fan is more economical and provides cooling. Another reason is to dry interior decoration such as carpets as well as floors. Dampness and flooding can be eliminated through the use of an industrial fan. This recovery method for water damange is very economical.

Industrial floor fans are useful because of the more economical approach for cooling and don’t require fuel to operate. They are helpful all year round and not just in higher temperatures. Fans help to allow air to circulate evenly since heat rises. You can find an industrial floor fan either online or offline. If you are researching for a new fan, then looking online will be your best bet.

Additional information can be found at the Industrial Fan Blower company web site http://industrialfanblower.net/Index.htm

Oleg Tchechel
Developer of Industrial Air Make-Up Units
Industrial Fan Blower Co.
asap@buffalofan.com
http://www.industrialfanblower.net/cbd_contact.htm
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Roof Ventilation Systems

There are excellent roof ventilation systems in the modern architectural technology that air the buildings in most effective manner. Ever changing construction techniques and practices offer unique solutions to roof space ventilation that are innovative and yet highly practical.

For efficiency of these kind of roof systems the volume of air intake must be equal to or more than air exhaust. With a ridge vent system, intake vents must be placed low on the roof, usually in the eaves. Years of research have proven that Air Vent ridge vents, combined with under-eave venting, are the most efficient and effective system you can install. A good R-V system is the most significant contributory factor adding to the longevity of the roof. A roof with effective ventilation-system, along with proper maintenance will live approximately 25% more than any other roof.

Effective industrial and commercial ventilation

Effective industrial and commercial ventilation is in constant need of a supply of fresh air flowing around the workplace, exchanging musty and toxic air for clean healthy air. It is the basis of a healthy work environment for the work force. It also safeguards the tools and machinery from damage or components and products from getting spoiled.

Just as there is no uniformity of buildings and structures, there really is no such thing as an “off the shelf” solution for R-V systems. Manufacturers these days are offering bespoke air ventilating systems to suit exact requirements of the clients

Single storied houses can have gable vents. These are window-like, immovable louvered frames in the outside walls of houses. They run along the siding just below the roof peak and allow airflow from the house’s attic space to the outside. But the most popular these days is the ridge ventilation system. These are universal, invisible, none load-bearing, unexposed and stormproof.

Roof ventilation system

A proper kind of system for a roof is often the single most important factor which governs its longevity. A roof having a good ventilating system, along with proper maintenance will live approximately 25% more than any other roof.A good roof ventilation system ensures that there is balance between the air coming in and the air going out. The cross ventilation of air around the roof keeps the roof temperature bearable and also keeps the material used in the construction of the roof from reaching very high temperatures.

This roof airing system finds extensive application in chemical industry, light industry, food industry, medicine, textile and dye, warehouse, metallurgy, electrical power, leather industry, construction, tunnel, machine, market, etc.

NIS-CO is one of the leading manufacturers of pre-engineered roof ventilation systems in North America. The roof ventilation system of the company is designed according to the international quality standards. The professional standards set by the organization with regard to product and service quality has garnered tremendous response from clients across industry verticals.

For more information about proper building ventilation please visit the ABB Blower company web site http://fanblower.com/high_pressure_blower_fan.htm

Susann Terlitski
Designer of Industrial Air Handling Units
Fan and Blower Co.
abbblower@abbblower.com
http://www.fanblower.com/direct_driven_belt_driven_axial_fans.htm
http://www.fanblower.com/double_inlet_double_width.htm

Roof Ventilation

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Industrial Fans for Ventilation

Various industries install Ventilation Fans in their manufacturing units and factories. These Ventilation Fans are mainly used to provide a healthier breathing environment for the workers over there as well to accomplish various activities. For many areas requiring removal of fumes, smoke, dust and various impurities that can make the work environment hazardous, Industrial ventilation fans, dust, and fume extraction systems prove to be very useful.

Some Of The Industries That Heavily Require Ventilation Are:

•Pharmaceutical Industry
•Biological Industry
•Chemical Industry
•Mining Sector
•Physical Research Industry
•Processing units

The Various Applications Where Ventilation Fans Are Used:

•The Ventilation Fans are extensively used in various activities such as, fabricating, manufacturing, mining, etc. These Ventilation Fans are used for the removal of dust, fume, and smoke particles from the atmosphere and to make it free from suffocation. Some of the manufacturing units where the Ventilation Fans are used for the mass extraction of fumes and dust particles are, Textile Mills, Steel Mills, Wood product Mills, Ceramics and Aerospace material units. These units install huge turbines and impellers to move the extremely large volume of air.

•Crude Oil and Petrochemical Refineries have to deal with fuels and solvents which are extremely toxic, flammable, and unpredictable. Here, Ventilation Fans are required for the functioning of sophisticated Air Entrainment systems.

•The Mining and Quarrying industries are always immensely reliant on the Ventilation Fans. The Coal dust in these mines can be very explosive if it somehow catches fire. This risk is reduced by the dust removal, which is done by the Ventilation Fans. Very powerful blowers and bulky turbines are implemented to ventilate the mines and quarries.

•The workers in Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical industries have to struggle with biological, chemical, and various other physical risks. In such environment, Ventilations Fans come to their rescue.

Industrial Ventilation System Manufacturer

Industrial Fans will always act like the tough weapons to fight against the toxic and hazardous work area of every small and large industry. The various forms of Ventilation are performed by Air Fume collection system, Robotic welding hoods, Dust collection units, Air Filters, Chemical Scrubbers, Fume containment systems, etc. Ventilation Fans Manufacturers and Suppliers nowadays offer very efficient models for individual needs of industries. Any industrial buyer just has to go online and contact the Industrial Ventilation System Manufacturer in India who can meet the needs exactly and get installation assistance as well.

Additional information can be found at the Industrial Fan Blower company web site http://www.industrialfanblower.net

Oleg Tchechel
Developer of Industrial Air Make-Up Units
Industrial Fan Blower Co.
asap@buffalofan.com
http://www.industrialfanblower.net/cbd_products_std.htm
http://www.industrialfanblower.net/cbd_products_heavy.htm

Industrial Ventilation Fans

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How to Improve Air Flow Ventilation

Improvement the air circulation in the building makes a huge difference because the faster the air moves through your home, the easier it is to maintain a temperature within your home. The heating, air conditioning, plumbing, and electrical service shops can help you to choose the different methods which will make this possible. The good news is that most of these methods will allow you to not only have more consistent temperatures throughout your home. They will also help you to be able to spend less money to get the results you are looking for.

There are three methods you can try for improving the circulation in your home. One of the ways is to make sure that you are getting the right amount of air flow through the ventilation system in your home. You can also make sure that you are regularly changing the air filters. You can also make sure to use electric zoning so that you will be able to get constant temperatures throughout your home. The more you are willing to invest in the different methods for circulating the air throughout your home, the more comfortable your home will be.

Improving Air Flow in the Ventilation System

There are many different ways in which you can improve the amount of circulation that you get. One way is to install duct fans. These are blowers which will help to force the air through the ventilation system and into the different rooms of the home. These are especially useful when you notice that certain rooms of the home are harder to ventilate or affect the temperature than others. They work remotely, but in conjunction with the HVAC unit so that they will only operate while the system is on.

Change Your Air Filters

Improving indoor air quality is possible by making sure to change the air filters regularly. Not only does changing the air filters help to improve health by improving indoor air quality. It also helps to make sure that the air is able to flow easily throughout the house. This will help to make sure that you are getting the right kind of ventilation so that the entire home will be as comfortable as possible. Try to invest in air filters which will filter out different kinds of allergens.

Maximizing Temperatures through Electronic Zoning

When you have better ventilation, you might also want to invest in electronic zoning. This is when you use different thermostats throughout the home to control the temperature in different zones. The greater control will allow you to be able to make sure that the right amount of hot or cold air is getting to where it needs to be. You will no longer have to rely on one thermostat to control the temperature for the entire home. This will improve circulation greatly.

Additional information can be found at the Industrial High Pressure Blower Company web site http://www.highpressureblower.net/pressureblower.html

Alex Todorovo
Industrial Mechanical Process Engineer
High Pressure Blower Co.
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Methods of Improving Ventilation

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Industrial Exhaust Fans

NIS-CO offer smoke and heat exhaust fans that are UL listed for Smoke Control Systems and a full line of kitchen fans that are UL 762 listed for the exhaust of grease-laden air. Buffalo Blower engineers design, test, and manufacture fans for all types of buildings, including condos, custom homes, offices, malls, airports, arenas, and stadiums. We are able to meet your most precise requirements for a variety of HVAC equipment, including all types of custom, package air handlers and roof top units. In addition, NIS-CO can provide exhaust for restrooms, elevator shafts, parking garages, and jet bridges; stairwell pressurization; rooftop and sidewall supply and exhaust, including smoke and heat exhaust fans that are UL listed for Smoke Control Systems, as well as kitchen fans that are UL 762 listed for the exhaust of grease-laden air.

Large Industrial Fans

NIS-CO supplies thousands of fans to universities, hospitals, laboratories and research facilities, military bases, hotels, convention centers, and cruise ships around the world; working closely with architects, engineers and contractors to design and test fans that can meet the most precise quality and reliability requirements. NIS-CO amkes smoke and heat exhaust fans that are UL listed for Smoke Control Systems, kitchen fans that are UL 762 listed for the exhaust of grease-laden air, and a full line of laboratory and fume exhaust systems. NIS-CO provides fans for numerous residential building applications, such as stairwell and elevator shaft pressurization; kitchen, restroom, and pool exhaust; and every aspect of HVAC, including air handlers, gravity ventilators, and large rooftop units.

Exhaust Fans & Supply Fans

Manufacturing facilities require a large amount of ventilation to maintain a healthy work environment for the people working within the buildings. NIS-CO designs and builds fans to control and handle the exhaust, supply, and make-up air requirements for all types of manufacturing environments and spaces. The exhaust of welding and other noxious fumes and dusts, as well as the exhaust of hot air produced from ovens and other high temperature processes, are essential to providing safe and comfortable working conditions. In many cases, the building heating, cooling, and air conditioning (HVAC) requirements are also critical for proper production control and working conditions. A wide variety of businesses, industries, medical facilities, and institutions require ultra clean environments for research and development as well as production of specialty products and equipment. These facilities demand high filtration and positive pressures inside the clean room space to control the process and limit potential contamination. Other requirements typically include variable air volume, high efficient air moving equipment, low noise, and ultra-low vibration levels from the mechanical equipment.

Buffalo Fans & Ventilators

Among many other changes, the green revolution has created a greater need for more energy efficient fans and ventilation equipment. As a leader in the fan industry, NIS-CO engineers and manufactures high efficient products for a wide variety of green friendly applications including LEED building designs, biofuel and biomass production plants, landfills, solar film manufacturing facilities, as well as numerous waste energy and heat recovery systems. Regardless of how unique or specialized your process is, Buffalo Blower can customize our products to meet virtually any requirement.

Large Industrial Blowers & Fans

NIS-CO is well known for leveraging its design and manufacturing capabilities when constructing the heavy duty fans required for marine applications. Such marine duty fans are used for many purposes including boiler combustion air, mechanical ventilation, off shore rig diesel generator exhaust disbursement, pressurization, engine cooling, and dust control. Our air moving equipment can be found on drilling rigs, production platforms, tug boats, cruise ships, ferries, and cargo ships. We offer a number of features to meet the specific needs of the marine industry. These include shortened axial fan housings for operating in tight spaces, cast aluminum impellers and hot dip galvanized steel components for extended durability, spark resistant construction for potentially explosive air streams, water tight electrical connections to withstand corrosive environments, and IEEE 45 marine duty motors for both above deck and below deck installations.

Industrial Blower Supplier

In addition to our extensive fan design and manufacturing experience, NIS-CO offer a number of products meeting requirements of the marine industry’s governing and standard organizations including:

• Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) – Spark Resistant Construction
• American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) – Type Approval for Ventilation and Non-Sparking services
• Appareils destinés à être utilisés en ATmosphères Explosives (ATEX) – Equipment Directive 94/9/EC

Additional information can be found at the NIS-CO company web site http://www.canadablower.com/fans/index.html

Susan Terlitski
Canadian Ventilating Engineer
canadablower@canadablower.com
NIS-CO
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Choosing the Right Industrial Blowers and Blower Fans

Industrial fans and blower fans provide efficient high volume ventilation in the home through air and gas. Every environment needs a large amount of air to refresh and replace the polluted air which may cause the human and materials destruction in the home. Normally, these fans are used in the industries and companies for drying and cooling applications. Most agricultural, food processing, mining and construction, chemicals, medical, oil and gas, and automotive industries cannot do without these fans as they form major part of their often used equipments. This is because they are decreasing heat levels at industrial units operations, shrink moisture in bathrooms, greenhouses, gyms and spas. Blower fans and industrial fans also decrease smoke and odors in cooking and processing applications and to reduce gaseous fumes.

Industrial Blower Fans Types

Types, Modes and Mounting of Blower and industrial fans are:

Blower fans and industrial fans consist of one of two main modes: radial industrial blowers and axial industrial blowers. The needed air is produce through circulating blades of the blower fan directing the flow based on the modes mentioned (radial or axial). Blower fans and industrial fans are of different types. It may be plastic mode or metal mode and at times it may be combination of both.

Industrial Blower Sizes

There are different sizes of the model of these fans and these differences worth noting because of their importance. At times, work environment determines the size of the fans to be used to meet the need of the user. Some units are hung into the structure of an environment along with vibration absorbent brackets that contain both the industrial fans themselves and their power supply. For space that requires temporary circulation or air transfer such as construction sites or during clean up spills or water damage, portable and handy fans are useful in such area due to their temporary use.

Industrial Blower & Industrial Fan Functions

Functions of Blower fans and Industrial fans include:

Blower fans and industrial fans are multifunctional gadgets in the industrial application where they are used. They both offer health benefits by reducing the odors and blowing away and refreshing the polluted and contaminated air. They also blow away smoke from where it is not demanded. Their provision of environmental benefits through decrease in heat and humidity levels also made them a must for every industry irrespective of their size. They are available in a wide number of configurations that vary in from airflow route to speed. So decide to make your choice.

Additional information can be found at the Fan and Blower company web site http://www.fanblower.com/cabinet_blower_fan.htm

Susann Terlitski
Designer of Industrial Air Handling Units
Fan and Blower Co.
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Proper Blower Fan Ventilation

The air we breathe indoors, the air that directly surrounds us, has a huge effect on a person who lives in it. Proper ventilation is essential and underplayed in the efficiency and health of a home or office. The following are some reasons why an HVAC contractor should be consulted to improve ventilation:

CLEANER

This is the most obvious reason for proper ventilation. What you put into your body tends to be what you get out. Poor air quality in the home or office means sitting in unhealthy air for the better part of your time. The pollutants and germs that float through the air from building materials and biological sources contribute to the quality of air, and thus the occupant’s health and productivity. A ventilation system with an effective air conditioning system will keep your Even if that air conditioning system is installed, however, it must be kept up as dirty filters and poor air conditioning maintenance will have just as detrimental an effect on health.

SIMPLIER in Air Control

A fairly unknown truth of ventilation is that not only does it improve air quality but it allows greater control of pressure in the home. To clarify, ventilation is not just about having more air coming in, but it is also about managing the air that is already in the environment. Air pressure control is a pretty useful tool for a few reason. The tighter the pressure, the easier it is to control the temperature and air circulation. In high air pressure, just a single fan or low air conditioning usage can effectively cool a larger area. However, in a looser, low air pressure environment, the air conditioning systems will have to work twice as hard to circulate the cool air. This also goes for purified air as the purified air will be circulated easier in a more condensed in a high pressure environment. The second reason is that ease of circulation means lower electric bills which leads to…

GREENER

… a better impact on the environment. Better ventilation and air control decreases the need to waste energy on running and air conditioning system, and filtration prevents VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) from building materials to leak into the environment and your air supply. Also, with green options being such a trend in home building, green energy systems are becoming a must to keep your home’s value at a competing level. Thus keeping your ventilation repaired will save some money as well as having a more positive impact on the environment.

Fresh air is just better for your health and overall quality of life. An intact ventilation system will improve health, your environmental impact, and decrease cost to run air conditioning systems. Improving your ventilation systems by calling an HVAC contractor or air conditioning repair specialist is something that should be done immediately, especially before summer kicks off and the air conditioning is running at its maximum.

For more information about proper ventilation and how it can help improve indoor air quality, visit Industrial High Pressure Blower Company web site http://www.highpressureblower.net/OEMFans.html

Alex Todorovo
Industrial Mechanical Process Engineer
High Pressure Blower Co.
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Proper Ventilation

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Industrial Blower Fan Ventilation System

This article will discuss options for improving energy efficiency when designing an HVAC system and selecting a fan. HVAC design engineers face many choices throughout the planning process, perhaps few as crucial as that of fan equipment, a principal consumer of energy.

Industrial Blowers & Fans Flow Rates

Flow rates are predetermined based on space type and occupancy. Although local codes determine minimum requirements for HVAC systems, ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications provides general design criteria for various commercial and public buildings. These criteria include air movement, room circulation, noise, and filter efficiency. Although all are important, room circulation, in air changes per hour, typically determines airflow requirements. Because flow rate is driven by design criteria, a design engineer’s primary means of reducing energy use is to minimize the static pressure needed to move air through a system.

Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) International defines system pressure loss as “the sum of the static-pressure losses due to friction, shock, dissipation of velocity pressure at the system discharge, and the static-pressure differences between the entry and discharge openings of an air system. The static pressure a fan must overcome is dependent on many variables, only some of which the design engineer can control. The location of equipment often is determined by the architect and, therefore, limits the engineer’s options.

Blowers and Fans Duct Configuration

Duct configuration and fittings used to connect components are large contributors to static pressure. Other sources of system pressure loss are balancing and control dampers, variable-air-volume (VAV) boxes, diffusers, louvers, coils, filters, and other components in an air stream. Given that velocity pressure is proportional to the square of velocity, pressure loss in most of these components is proportional to velocity squared. This makes size an important factor, as cross-sectional area dictates fluid velocity. For example, reducing air velocity throughout a system by 10 percent would result in a 20-percent reduction in system static pressure. With air power proportional to pressure, this would equate to a 20-percent reduction in energy consumption.

In addition to accounting for all static-pressure loss in a system and achieving required room airflow, a design engineer must adhere to Section 6.5.3 of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, which limits the power (horsepower) a fan can consume per cubic foot per minute of airflow the fan generates. With flow requirements defined, a design engineer must limit system static pressure to meet this power limitation.

System Effect and Industrial Fans and Blowers

A major contributor to energy consumption that often is ignored is system effect. AMCA International defines system effect as “a decrease in fan performance capability, observed as a pressure loss, which results from the effect of fan-inlet restrictions/obstructions, fan-outlet restrictions, or other conditions influencing the performance of the fan when it is installed in a system.”2 System effect is a reduction in a fan’s ability to generate pressure and can be looked at as an additional system pressure loss. It can lead to underperformance, excessive noise, and vibration in a fan and system.

System Effect and Fan Curves

System effect can be described by its impact on a fan curve. Fan curves are produced from laboratory testing, with fans configured for ideal installations. Testing is performed in accordance with ANSI/AMCA Standard 210-07/ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 51-2007, Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating. A fan curve displays performance for a constant speed (revolutions per minute) in terms of static pressure vs. volumetric flow rate. In Figure 1, the intersection of the system-resistance curve and the pressure curve is the operating point of the fan. To move along the system curve to alter fan performance, one must increase or decrease fan speed accordingly. Operating power is where the power curve intersects with a vertical line running through the operating point.

Ideal Industrial Blower Fan Inlet & Outlet Conditions

The ideal inlet and outlet conditions under which fans are tested rarely are seen in the field. As a result, a fan will overperform or underperform in terms of flow rate, static pressure, or both. In Figure 2, a suitable fan was selected, but system effect was ignored. The blue lines represent how the fan would perform under AMCA International test conditions. Actual measured performance is indicated by the red dot. The red line shows how the fan would perform in an AMCA International air test when operating at design speed, but takes into account system effect. The only way to achieve the desired performance is to speed the fan to the rate designated by the green line. The consequence is a higher operating speed, higher brake horsepower, and higher sound levels.

Propeller Fan & Tube Axial Fan Selection

Another key to reducing power consumption is fan selection. Generally, propeller or tube-axial fans are more efficient for relatively low static pressures, while centrifugal-type fans are used for relatively high static pressures. Too often, fan selection is based solely on first cost. The consequence is that a relatively small-diameter, high-speed fan is used. A small fan operating at a high speed generally requires more operating power and produces more noise than a large fan operating at a low speed.

Most of the energy lost in a system is converted to heat. For example, mechanical and electrical energy losses in a fan motor raise the surface temperature of the motor. If the motor is in an air stream, the heat will be transferred directly to the air.

Belt Dive Propeller Fans and other Blower Fan Systems

In a belt-driven system, losses are the result of belt friction, slippage, and / or flexing. All such losses are converted to heat and, if the belt drive is in an air stream, increase the temperature of air. Fan losses quantified by fan efficiency contribute to air-temperature rise as well. As a fan works on a fluid, the friction attributed to the airflow decreases the fan’s efficiency and creates heat. As the efficiency of a system decreases, air-temperature rise increases. In a cooling application, this means increased energy consumption on the part of the compressor. Minimizing inefficiencies results in energy savings. It is the engineer’s responsibility to minimize total system pressure through proper design and layout. This involves balancing economics and efficiencies in specifying a fan. But not all responsibility resides with the engineer. The contractor must ensure appropriate equipment is installed and not base decisions solely on the lowest bid. The contractor needs to be aware of the consequences of poor installation and minimize system effects.

The losses accrued in a system directly affect the system’s power consumption while indirectly increasing the energy consumed by other processes. Energy losses in the form of heat equate to higher operating costs.

Because performance conditions are mandated by codes, proper system design, equipment selection, and installation are the most effective means of minimizing inefficiencies and saving energy.

Additional information can be found at the Northern Industrial company web site http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/air_handling_units.html

Oleg Cthetchel
Canadian Ventilation HVAC Engineer
Northern Industrial Co.
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Ventilation Systems Engineering

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