How to Improve Air Flow Ventilation

Improvement the air circulation in the building makes a huge difference because the faster the air moves through your home, the easier it is to maintain a temperature within your home. The heating, air conditioning, plumbing, and electrical service shops can help you to choose the different methods which will make this possible. The good news is that most of these methods will allow you to not only have more consistent temperatures throughout your home. They will also help you to be able to spend less money to get the results you are looking for.

There are three methods you can try for improving the circulation in your home. One of the ways is to make sure that you are getting the right amount of air flow through the ventilation system in your home. You can also make sure that you are regularly changing the air filters. You can also make sure to use electric zoning so that you will be able to get constant temperatures throughout your home. The more you are willing to invest in the different methods for circulating the air throughout your home, the more comfortable your home will be.

Improving Air Flow in the Ventilation System

There are many different ways in which you can improve the amount of circulation that you get. One way is to install duct fans. These are blowers which will help to force the air through the ventilation system and into the different rooms of the home. These are especially useful when you notice that certain rooms of the home are harder to ventilate or affect the temperature than others. They work remotely, but in conjunction with the HVAC unit so that they will only operate while the system is on.

Change Your Air Filters

Improving indoor air quality is possible by making sure to change the air filters regularly. Not only does changing the air filters help to improve health by improving indoor air quality. It also helps to make sure that the air is able to flow easily throughout the house. This will help to make sure that you are getting the right kind of ventilation so that the entire home will be as comfortable as possible. Try to invest in air filters which will filter out different kinds of allergens.

Maximizing Temperatures through Electronic Zoning

When you have better ventilation, you might also want to invest in electronic zoning. This is when you use different thermostats throughout the home to control the temperature in different zones. The greater control will allow you to be able to make sure that the right amount of hot or cold air is getting to where it needs to be. You will no longer have to rely on one thermostat to control the temperature for the entire home. This will improve circulation greatly.

Additional information can be found at the Industrial High Pressure Blower Company web site http://www.highpressureblower.net/pressureblower.html

Alex Todorovo
Industrial Mechanical Process Engineer
High Pressure Blower Co.
alex.todorov@canadablower.com
http://www.highpressureblower.net/canadianblowerpropellerfans.html
http://www.highpressureblower.net/FanAccessories.html

Methods of Improving Ventilation

fan blower ventilator high temperature pressure industrial super transfer air gas positive negative heavy duty capacity process

alex.todorov@canadablower.com

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Industrial Exhaust Fans

NIS-CO offer smoke and heat exhaust fans that are UL listed for Smoke Control Systems and a full line of kitchen fans that are UL 762 listed for the exhaust of grease-laden air. Buffalo Blower engineers design, test, and manufacture fans for all types of buildings, including condos, custom homes, offices, malls, airports, arenas, and stadiums. We are able to meet your most precise requirements for a variety of HVAC equipment, including all types of custom, package air handlers and roof top units. In addition, NIS-CO can provide exhaust for restrooms, elevator shafts, parking garages, and jet bridges; stairwell pressurization; rooftop and sidewall supply and exhaust, including smoke and heat exhaust fans that are UL listed for Smoke Control Systems, as well as kitchen fans that are UL 762 listed for the exhaust of grease-laden air.

Large Industrial Fans

NIS-CO supplies thousands of fans to universities, hospitals, laboratories and research facilities, military bases, hotels, convention centers, and cruise ships around the world; working closely with architects, engineers and contractors to design and test fans that can meet the most precise quality and reliability requirements. NIS-CO amkes smoke and heat exhaust fans that are UL listed for Smoke Control Systems, kitchen fans that are UL 762 listed for the exhaust of grease-laden air, and a full line of laboratory and fume exhaust systems. NIS-CO provides fans for numerous residential building applications, such as stairwell and elevator shaft pressurization; kitchen, restroom, and pool exhaust; and every aspect of HVAC, including air handlers, gravity ventilators, and large rooftop units.

Exhaust Fans & Supply Fans

Manufacturing facilities require a large amount of ventilation to maintain a healthy work environment for the people working within the buildings. NIS-CO designs and builds fans to control and handle the exhaust, supply, and make-up air requirements for all types of manufacturing environments and spaces. The exhaust of welding and other noxious fumes and dusts, as well as the exhaust of hot air produced from ovens and other high temperature processes, are essential to providing safe and comfortable working conditions. In many cases, the building heating, cooling, and air conditioning (HVAC) requirements are also critical for proper production control and working conditions. A wide variety of businesses, industries, medical facilities, and institutions require ultra clean environments for research and development as well as production of specialty products and equipment. These facilities demand high filtration and positive pressures inside the clean room space to control the process and limit potential contamination. Other requirements typically include variable air volume, high efficient air moving equipment, low noise, and ultra-low vibration levels from the mechanical equipment.

Buffalo Fans & Ventilators

Among many other changes, the green revolution has created a greater need for more energy efficient fans and ventilation equipment. As a leader in the fan industry, NIS-CO engineers and manufactures high efficient products for a wide variety of green friendly applications including LEED building designs, biofuel and biomass production plants, landfills, solar film manufacturing facilities, as well as numerous waste energy and heat recovery systems. Regardless of how unique or specialized your process is, Buffalo Blower can customize our products to meet virtually any requirement.

Large Industrial Blowers & Fans

NIS-CO is well known for leveraging its design and manufacturing capabilities when constructing the heavy duty fans required for marine applications. Such marine duty fans are used for many purposes including boiler combustion air, mechanical ventilation, off shore rig diesel generator exhaust disbursement, pressurization, engine cooling, and dust control. Our air moving equipment can be found on drilling rigs, production platforms, tug boats, cruise ships, ferries, and cargo ships. We offer a number of features to meet the specific needs of the marine industry. These include shortened axial fan housings for operating in tight spaces, cast aluminum impellers and hot dip galvanized steel components for extended durability, spark resistant construction for potentially explosive air streams, water tight electrical connections to withstand corrosive environments, and IEEE 45 marine duty motors for both above deck and below deck installations.

Industrial Blower Supplier

In addition to our extensive fan design and manufacturing experience, NIS-CO offer a number of products meeting requirements of the marine industry’s governing and standard organizations including:

• Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) – Spark Resistant Construction
• American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) – Type Approval for Ventilation and Non-Sparking services
• Appareils destinés à être utilisés en ATmosphères Explosives (ATEX) – Equipment Directive 94/9/EC

Additional information can be found at the NIS-CO company web site http://www.canadablower.com/fans/index.html

Susan Terlitski
Canadian Ventilating Engineer
canadablower@canadablower.com
NIS-CO
http://www.canadablower.com/blowers/index.html
http://www.canadablower.com/inquiry/index.html

Commercial Ventilators Fans

canadablower@canadablower.com

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buffaloblowercom

buffaloblo

Positive Pressure Ventilation with Industrial Blower Fans

Positive pressure ventilation ensures blowing things like debris and particles that would be harmful if humans breathed into their lungs out of the area where the humans are. Positive pressure ventilation also refers to medical procedures and devices that actually breathe for people who have experienced trauma and need to be on a ventilator system. For the purpose of this article we will be speaking of positive pressure ventilation in the capacity to remove unwanted contaminants from the air in a structure so that the remaining air is left breathable by all concerned.

Large Industrial Fans

Large fans are used in this ventilation type to push the particles from one area of a structure into another area of the same structure. This is successful because air that is in a high pressure area will automatically attempt to travel to a low pressure area. The fans can cause fire and debris to move from the high pressure area to an established exhaust point where it can be safely removed from the environment.

These systems are not frequently spoken of in most social circles. This is more than likely why you are unfamiliar with the term positive pressure ventilation. Large industrial companies have to use these methods of cleansing and purifying the air so that their employees can safely work in their factories.

Exhaust Fan Systems

Many things that are created cause harmful fumes, gases, and particles to enter the air where they are being manufactured. Exhaust systems and fans are used to push the harmful particles from the room and into areas where it can be contained or where it will cause no danger to any living thing.

Schools and residential homes do not require this type of ventilation, it is primarily used in factories, and manufacturing companies that create chemicals, use chemicals, or create something that causes toxic fumes to occur.

There are some places that only need this type of ventilation system in a small portion of their structure. Some of them only need these systems in one room of their buildings. It is possible to buy the correct components to clean the air in these areas without installing the same type of system throughout the structure.

Most of the modern systems that do this have units mounted in the loft space above the rooms. Some of them have units installed in specifically designed cupboards that house them. Series of ducts connect the units and the individual areas within the structure.

You can have decentralized mechanical extract systems incorporated into your building system design so that certain rooms have a continuous extraction rate that can ultimately be increased or decreased from one remote control panel.

This allows contaminated air from wet rooms and areas like these to be removed and replaced with filtered air that has been tempered and rendered perfect. Each building has unique specifications and must have their systems custom designed and installed in order for the air in all areas to be rendered clean and breathable.

For more information about proper building ventilation please visit the ABB Blower company web site http://fanblower.com/dust_collector_unit.htm

Susann Terlitski
Designer of Industrial Air Handling Units
Fan and Blower Co.
abbblower@abbblower.com
http://www.fanblower.com/dust_collector_unit.htm
http://www.fanblower.com/air_curtain.htm

Positive Pressure Ventilation

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abbblower@abbblower.com

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***

Industrial Propeller Fans and Industrial Blowers

Electrical generators require the most reliable equipment for their air-cooling and ventilation needs. The fans used in these systems are mounted onto gas-turbine generator packages for use in power plants as well as on cruise ships, oil rig platforms, and mobile generators. These systems are loaded onto tractor-trailer rigs or barges and moved to a site to generate power for events like the Super Bowl and concerts. Manufacturers of these gas-turbine generators are realizing it pays to have the right fan for the job from the start and are turning to Buffalo Fan to provide these unique solutions.

Resilient Industrial Blowers

A key requirement for these applications is that the fans need to be exceptionally corrosion resistant to withstand these severe environmental factors.

Noise attenuation is a major issue for power generators, both to protect workers’ hearing and to keep operation at the quietest level for any surrounding residential or business communities.

High Performance Fans & Blowers

Power generation is a complex process. The power generation fan / blower equipment should be tough enough to avoid operational failure and to minimize installation and repair work. The rugged, high performance fans Buffalo Fan provided to a state-of-the-art hybrid energy center, were ideal for the task. Aerovent was chosen for this project because of their reputation for building large custom fans for extreme industrial applications. The energy center’s primary requirement was that its chosen vendor be able to design and build a set of the most rugged, efficient roof ventilators within budget. Most roof ventilator fans last between 10 and 20 years when properly maintained. Because of the permits and cost involved in performing maintenance work on the roof of a power plant, they wanted their fans to have a longer life span (up to 40 years). This lifespan requirement meant that the fans had to be constructed using industrial grade materials and components.

Propeller Fans

Northern Fan propellers provide equal airflow in both directions. Other companies’ fans have a standard-exhaust one-direction propeller and are run backwards for the supply mode, producing about 40 percent of exhaust-mode airflow. ABuffalo Fan blowers produce 100 percent airflow in either direction. Aerovent also produced an integrated electrical control system guaranteed to work with its fans instead of the power plant having to acquire a separate system from another source. The system features an onboard starterdisconnect switch, which boosts the motor’s start and can be easily disconnected.

Industrial Blower Safety

Fire safety is a challenge in any environment, and especially so in a power plant. In case of a fire, the first priority is to ensure the safety of employees. Another goal is to be able to salvage expensive equipment in the building. With ventilation fans, if the motor fails during a fire, it is more beneficial if the fan’s dampers automatically fail in the “open” position, and allow smoke to escape.

Custom Industrial Fan Design

Northern Fan’s expertise in custom-building fans for complex applications, like this energy center, allowed them to design and construct a special fire damper for the fans. When the motorized damper is activated, a metal linkage arm attached to the damper blades moves to open or close the damper.

Northern Fan Co. custom made damper features a fusible linkage arm with a “soft metal” section in the link. When temperatures reach 212 degrees (as in the case of a fire), the soft metal plate fails, breaking the linkage, and a heavy counter weight swings the damper into the “open” position.

Additional information can be found at the Northern Fan company web site http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/company.html

Oleg Tchetchel
Industrial Air Handling Systems Engineer
Northern Fan Co.
nis@primus.ca
http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/heat_exchangers.html
http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/humidifiers.html

Turbo Pressure Blower

nis@primus.ca

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buffalofancom

***

Industrial Blower Fan Ventilation System

This article will discuss options for improving energy efficiency when designing an HVAC system and selecting a fan. HVAC design engineers face many choices throughout the planning process, perhaps few as crucial as that of fan equipment, a principal consumer of energy.

Industrial Blowers & Fans Flow Rates

Flow rates are predetermined based on space type and occupancy. Although local codes determine minimum requirements for HVAC systems, ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications provides general design criteria for various commercial and public buildings. These criteria include air movement, room circulation, noise, and filter efficiency. Although all are important, room circulation, in air changes per hour, typically determines airflow requirements. Because flow rate is driven by design criteria, a design engineer’s primary means of reducing energy use is to minimize the static pressure needed to move air through a system.

Air Movement and Control Association (AMCA) International defines system pressure loss as “the sum of the static-pressure losses due to friction, shock, dissipation of velocity pressure at the system discharge, and the static-pressure differences between the entry and discharge openings of an air system. The static pressure a fan must overcome is dependent on many variables, only some of which the design engineer can control. The location of equipment often is determined by the architect and, therefore, limits the engineer’s options.

Blowers and Fans Duct Configuration

Duct configuration and fittings used to connect components are large contributors to static pressure. Other sources of system pressure loss are balancing and control dampers, variable-air-volume (VAV) boxes, diffusers, louvers, coils, filters, and other components in an air stream. Given that velocity pressure is proportional to the square of velocity, pressure loss in most of these components is proportional to velocity squared. This makes size an important factor, as cross-sectional area dictates fluid velocity. For example, reducing air velocity throughout a system by 10 percent would result in a 20-percent reduction in system static pressure. With air power proportional to pressure, this would equate to a 20-percent reduction in energy consumption.

In addition to accounting for all static-pressure loss in a system and achieving required room airflow, a design engineer must adhere to Section 6.5.3 of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, which limits the power (horsepower) a fan can consume per cubic foot per minute of airflow the fan generates. With flow requirements defined, a design engineer must limit system static pressure to meet this power limitation.

System Effect and Industrial Fans and Blowers

A major contributor to energy consumption that often is ignored is system effect. AMCA International defines system effect as “a decrease in fan performance capability, observed as a pressure loss, which results from the effect of fan-inlet restrictions/obstructions, fan-outlet restrictions, or other conditions influencing the performance of the fan when it is installed in a system.”2 System effect is a reduction in a fan’s ability to generate pressure and can be looked at as an additional system pressure loss. It can lead to underperformance, excessive noise, and vibration in a fan and system.

System Effect and Fan Curves

System effect can be described by its impact on a fan curve. Fan curves are produced from laboratory testing, with fans configured for ideal installations. Testing is performed in accordance with ANSI/AMCA Standard 210-07/ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 51-2007, Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating. A fan curve displays performance for a constant speed (revolutions per minute) in terms of static pressure vs. volumetric flow rate. In Figure 1, the intersection of the system-resistance curve and the pressure curve is the operating point of the fan. To move along the system curve to alter fan performance, one must increase or decrease fan speed accordingly. Operating power is where the power curve intersects with a vertical line running through the operating point.

Ideal Industrial Blower Fan Inlet & Outlet Conditions

The ideal inlet and outlet conditions under which fans are tested rarely are seen in the field. As a result, a fan will overperform or underperform in terms of flow rate, static pressure, or both. In Figure 2, a suitable fan was selected, but system effect was ignored. The blue lines represent how the fan would perform under AMCA International test conditions. Actual measured performance is indicated by the red dot. The red line shows how the fan would perform in an AMCA International air test when operating at design speed, but takes into account system effect. The only way to achieve the desired performance is to speed the fan to the rate designated by the green line. The consequence is a higher operating speed, higher brake horsepower, and higher sound levels.

Propeller Fan & Tube Axial Fan Selection

Another key to reducing power consumption is fan selection. Generally, propeller or tube-axial fans are more efficient for relatively low static pressures, while centrifugal-type fans are used for relatively high static pressures. Too often, fan selection is based solely on first cost. The consequence is that a relatively small-diameter, high-speed fan is used. A small fan operating at a high speed generally requires more operating power and produces more noise than a large fan operating at a low speed.

Most of the energy lost in a system is converted to heat. For example, mechanical and electrical energy losses in a fan motor raise the surface temperature of the motor. If the motor is in an air stream, the heat will be transferred directly to the air.

Belt Dive Propeller Fans and other Blower Fan Systems

In a belt-driven system, losses are the result of belt friction, slippage, and / or flexing. All such losses are converted to heat and, if the belt drive is in an air stream, increase the temperature of air. Fan losses quantified by fan efficiency contribute to air-temperature rise as well. As a fan works on a fluid, the friction attributed to the airflow decreases the fan’s efficiency and creates heat. As the efficiency of a system decreases, air-temperature rise increases. In a cooling application, this means increased energy consumption on the part of the compressor. Minimizing inefficiencies results in energy savings. It is the engineer’s responsibility to minimize total system pressure through proper design and layout. This involves balancing economics and efficiencies in specifying a fan. But not all responsibility resides with the engineer. The contractor must ensure appropriate equipment is installed and not base decisions solely on the lowest bid. The contractor needs to be aware of the consequences of poor installation and minimize system effects.

The losses accrued in a system directly affect the system’s power consumption while indirectly increasing the energy consumed by other processes. Energy losses in the form of heat equate to higher operating costs.

Because performance conditions are mandated by codes, proper system design, equipment selection, and installation are the most effective means of minimizing inefficiencies and saving energy.

Additional information can be found at the Northern Industrial company web site http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/air_handling_units.html

Oleg Cthetchel
Canadian Ventilation HVAC Engineer
Northern Industrial Co.
asap@buffalofan.com
http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/request.html
http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/outside/request2.html

Ventilation Systems Engineering

asap@buffalofan.com

northernindustrialsupply

northernindustrial

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northernin

northernindustrial

nisco@primus.ca

***

Axial Roof Ventilators

Axial Hooded Power Roof Ventilators are offered with optional filter rack and filter package protected by bird and insect screen. Motorized back draft dampers are standard on all supply air fans. Filtered mushroom head features channel type filter racks, bird screen, hinged connection to the stack box. Special coatings are available upon request. Fan panel is of double orifice design to allow for supply / exhaust, or reverse-flow operation. Discharge diffusers are available in variety of styles.

Power Roof Ventilators

PRV Northern Fan Power Roof Ventilators provide clear evidence of the continued leadership of Northern Fan in the area of ventilating fan packages for industrial and commercial ventilation. Northern Fan supplies axial hooded fans covering sizea ranging from 12″ to 120″ wheel diameters with capacities from 2000 CFM to 200,000 CFM, and heating capacity up to 4,500,000 BTU/hr.

Axial Exhaust Power Roof Ventilators

Northern Fan Axial Exhaust Power Roof Ventilators are factory assembled package units constructed to withstand hurricane winds. Its construction incorporates mushroom head, or hood head with bird screen, which is hinged to a box-style stack, supplied with access door. For higher capacities stack can be substituted with tubeaxial, or vaneaxial fan. Curb caps are welded to the curb side of the stack. Fan panel assembly is located near the top. Back-draft stack dampers are standard option. Disconnect safety switch is mandatory for roof mounted units.

What is an Exhaust Fan

An exhaust fan is a mechanical ventilation device that helps to draw out stale and impure air from your home and bring in fresh air, thereby improving the quality of indoor air. Exhaust fans are typically ducted to the exteriors of your house, through which bad indoor air can effectively be removed from your living space.

Exhaust fans are very effective at any building ventilation. Without proper ventilation, the air inside your home can get filled with harmful contaminants and disease causing pathogens.

Air Roof Ventilators

Northern Fan Make-Up Air Roof Ventilators are available with direct gas fired heater, or steam / hot water coil packages. Seven arrangements are available for efficient control of the air flow in various modes on operation: fresh air / return air / by-pass air, in various mounting arrangements.

FRP Construction – Fiber Reinforced Polyester corrosion resistant construction is available for all Northern Fan hooded power roof ventilators along with protective coatings for corrosive exhaust fumes, or atmosphere, including synthetic vinyl plastic and cathalytic epoxy coatings.

Corrosion resistant construction and chemical duty construction: for corrosive environment all fans are avaialble in 304 SS, 316 SS, or 316 L stainless steel construction. Spark resistant construction is available in all aluminum construction; Northern Fan wheels are made of special alloys for non-sparking airtsream construction.

Additional information can be found at the Northern Fan company web site http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/air_handling_units.html

Oleg Cthetchel
Canadian Ventilation HVAC Engineer
Northern Fan Co.
airknife@cogeco.ca
http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/request.html
http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/outside/request2.html

Industrial Power Roof Ventilator

airknife@cogeco.ca

Oleg Tchetchel

chicagoblower

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Industrial Blower Fan System for Ventilation

If relatively straightforward breeze conditioning system is possible, the rate of air velocity method outlined above should be the basic method used. However, there may be rooms or areas within the building that will require special treatment. If so, one of the other methods, such as spot cooling or zone cooling, may be combined with the basic method to achieve the over-all objectives.

Exhaust Fans

Air circulators may be effectively used to boost air velocity through large buildings that have a flow pattern difficult to control. Air circulators are also used to redirect air into occupied areas near floor level. Air circulators are also effectively used in locations where adequate exhaust and supply air fans may be lacking. Air circulation alone may provide heat relief and cooling comfort to individuals in the area. Northern Fan’s Type CABL fan is ideally suited to this application. For many installations, fans like this may be positioned 8′ to 10′ above the floor and at approximately 50′ intervals to obtain a continuously circulating column of air across a room or building. To broaden the column of air, fans should be located abreast of each other 15′ to 20′ apart. Fan locations and positions are easily adjusted to the requirements of the area.

Although an accurate, intelligent calculation of the required air volume for a breeze conditioning system has been made, there are practical limitations in most buildings that may seriously affect the final results. By giving these limitations proper consideration in the planning stage, the system can usually be modified to compensate for them. Some of the more common limitations are listed here.

Effects of Partitions on Industrial Blower Fans

It is obvious that interior partitions restrict and interrupt the flow of air through a structure. The effect of these partitions on the system must be analyzed and solutions found. In buildings with very high ceilings. the cross-sectional area factor may become unrealistic in calculating the required air volume. In most instances, inexpensive baffles can be installed across the building width to reduce the effective cross-section to an area 10′ or 12′ above floor level. Machinery, raw materials and finished goods that obstruct air circulation. These obstacles, like interior partitions, must be considered and methods worked out to overcome the problems they create to the proper circulation of air through the structure. Frequently, the location of heat-producing machinery will seriously interfere with the preferred pattern of air circulation. This situation can destroy the effectiveness of the system. An alternative plan to overcome the problem is essential.

Ceiling Heights and Industrial Fans

Another limitation of the very high ceiling or roof is the difficulty of maintaining the air velocity near floor level. The baffle method just described is usually the best way to reconcentrate the air flow along the floor level where it will be effective in providing personnel comfort. In large buildings, baffles may be required at l00-foot intervals to keep air flow near the floor level.

Industrial Fans & Blowers Layout

Operations within the area frequently require wall openings or loading doors that will drastically interfere with the desired airflow pattern. In some cases, individuals may open windows that should remain closed to maintain effective air circulation. A remedy for each of these problems is required. For maximum efficiency and economy, a good layout will avoid the restricted intake opening. The type of exhaust equipment normally utilized is most economical and efficient if static pressure in the system is 1/8″ or less. To obtain this condition, air velocity through intake openings should not exceed 1,000 feet per minute, a lower figure is usually desirable.

Additional information can be found at the Northern Fan web site http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/ventilators.html

Oleg Cthetchel
Air Process Systems Engineer
airknife@cogeco.ca
Northern Fan Co.
http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com
http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/burlington/request6.html

Practical Ways of Ventilating

airknife@cogeco.ca

industrial ventilation,ventilation system,ventilating system,fan system,blower system,industrial air system,air moving equipment,air moving system

canadablow

***

Proper Operation of Axial & Centrifugal Blowers and Fans

Proper Operation of Axial Blowers and Fans

In axial flow fan the air must blow in line with the axis of rotation and there must be blades with space between them. With few exceptions, the axial blower or fan must not have a lot of back pressure and will work a lot better if the blade is shrouded. One obvious exception is the turbine compressor used in jet engines, but this requires very tight fittings and very high speed so the air is being rammed in against the outgoing air much faster than it can move – it uses a lot of power and makes a lot of noise. Shrouding works better because the greatest loss in an unshrouded fan is the air coming off near the tips and immediately turning out and back circulating only through the fan and not through the room. The most common shrouded fan people see is muffin style fan in computers. An axial blower can have multiple sets of blades and the blades can even over lap so light is not visible through the fan. Fans are used most often for moving large quantities of air between spaces at atmospheric pressure.

Centrifugal Blowers

Centrifugal blowers come in a number of forms of which the most common is the squirrel cage blower. The common factor is the air is moving perpendicular to the axis of the part that is moving the air. Typically, the air is drawn in through the side of the unit, turns at low speed to encounter the inside of a spinning cylinder with ribs or vanes around the wall of the cylinder which fling the air out and away where it is captured and aimed through an outlet much smaller than the inlet. Think of taking an open tin can, drilling a hole in the center of the bottom to take a bolt as an axle and cutting slots up the sides, bending the material of the slots in, then spinning it with a drill. A variation looks like a plate with ribs running from the center and increasing in height toward the rim, the air being thrown off the rim. The name squirrel cage comes from the appearance like the tread wheel small rodents use for exercise – I suspect it is not called a hamster tread wheel because that is too precise – or childish. Blowers can have higher output pressures, but not a lot higher and they lose capacity rapidly with increasing pressure.

Common Blower Uses

Aside from the small squirrel cage blowers used on some electrical equipment, the most common blowers of this type are the units used for drying carpet after cleaning or a fire, the blowers used for leaf sweeping and the unit hidden inside a vacuum cleaner.

Industrial Blower Installation

Caution is necessary in selecting blowers for series installation. It is generally accepted that most pre-engineered blowers are capable of withstanding twice their catalog rated static pressure. In other words, where two blowers are installed in series the second blower housing should withstand the higher pressure. There is, however, a need for concern when the combined pressure exceeds twice the rated static pressure for one blower. In series applications involving three or more blowers, or in any system in which positive or negative pressure exists prior to the consideration of the blowers, special housing reinforcement may be necessary.

For additional information please refer to http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/outside/request4.html

Oleg Chetchel
Industrial Process Equipment Engineer
Northern Industrial Co.
http://www.northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/outside/request5.html
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Ventilator, Fan and Blowers

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fan@cogeco.ca

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Industrial Blowers, Fans and Ventilation

In almost any building or room used for commercial and industrial operations, it is quite likely that there are recurrent conditions that cause personnel discomfort. This is particularly true unless an expensive system for the circulation of refrigerated air (air conditioning) has been provided. In mild to hot weather, the discomfort of individuals is generally due to the build-up of intense heat within the structure. This becomes a severe problem in summer because the sun load on the building is added to the normal sources of heat build-up within the building. Most buildings have sufficient ventilation to remove smoke and fumes detrimental to health. However, it is unlikely that that system contributes very much toward the comfort of the individuals who occupy the mom or building.

Industrial Blowers and Fans for Ventilation

Humans are warm blooded animals whose normal body temperature is 98.6° Fahrenheit. However, we are most comfortable when the air temperature around us is in the 72°-to-78° range. If there is air motion around us, the effect of “wind chill”, or evaporative cooling, enables us to feel comfortable in a much higher air temperature. As the natural air temperature in most non-air conditioned buildings is much warmer than outside air temperatures, the problem of keeping humans comfortable is primarily a cooling problem. Of course, this is not the case in periods of very cold weather. Our purpose is to discuss the environmental problems that frequently exist in periods of moderate to hot weather. An effective, economical solution of these problems is vital to the success of any business.

Proper Industrial Fan Ventilation

If an individual is to produce maximum results, he must be allowed to function in an environment as nearly ideal as can be provided. In fact, the benefits in terms of efficiency and productivity can be substantial. Failure to provide a comfortable environment can be very expensive in terms of errors, work slow-down, complaints, absenteeism, etc. If the major factor is a hot, humid atmosphere, which may include smoke, dust, fumes or other irritants, a practical and effective approach to the problem is available. To obtain a reasonable degree of personnel comfort in hot weather, there are three basic factors that should be provided for in the ventilation and cooling system of a commercial or industrial building.

How to Remove Superheated Air Using Industrial Blowers & Fans

When the air temperature in the occupied area of a room or building exceeds 78° to 82°; most individuals begin to feel uncomfortably warm. The first step toward controlling the problem is to provide for the removal of excessively hot air from the building. This superheated air frequently mixes with the air in cooler areas of the building to produce an overall temperature increase. As superheated air is frequently localized around heat-producing machinery, it should be exhausted from the building near its source. This will prevent some undesirable air temperature increase in other areas. As a rule, outside air temperatures are considerably cooler than those inside a building. As superheated air is exhausted, provision should be made to replace it with fresh, cooler, outside air. Exhaust air in many areas of a building may have a temperature of 125° to 150°. This is usually the case where heat-producing machinery is in use. Similar air temperatures frequently occur near the roof or ceiling where rising warm air is trapped and further heated by the sun load on the roof. When this high temperature air is replaced by outside air, a substantial improvement in the average air temperature of the building results. Even where outside air temperature may be in the 80s or 90s, invariably it is 15° to 20° cooler than the air it replaces. This is a very important improvement to the individuals affected.

Industrial Blower Fan “Breeze Conditioning”

A very effective way to overcome the discomfort of a hot, stuffy room is to create a breeze. Before refrigerated air systems were invented, mechanical fans of every description were used to provide air circulation. The circulation of air over a person’s body immediately causes a cooling effect on the skin. When air is passed over a moist surface, it will evaporate some of the moisture and thus lower the temperature of the surface. This is precisely what occurs when air circulates across the human body.

By creating a gentle breeze throughout a room or area, a great deal of cooling comfort is provided for individuals who must work there. This pattern of air circulation is called “breeze conditioning” by Canada Blower engineers. It is effective even when the air temperature may be 85°’ to 95°. When this air circulation is achieved in combination with the factors mentioned in the paragraphs above, a very effective and practical solution is provided for the problem of personnel discomfort in hot weather.

For additional information please refer to http://canadablower.com

Susan Terlitski
Industrial Process Engineer
canadablower@canadablower.com
Canada Blower
http://www.canadablower.com/hvac/index.html
http://www.canadablower.com/oem/index.html

Commercial Building Ventilating

canadablower@canadablower.com

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High Temperature Blowers

Northern Industrial Co. offers new temperature blowers and fans for various industrial applications to 2200 F. This was achived by using extremely high strength stainless steel alloys for the fans impellers, that allow for higher safe speeds at elevated temperatures.

The Northern Industrial high temperature oven fans line now include:

Operating up to 2200 F, centrifugal, axial and plug fan types;
Pre-engineered and custom made fans for all types of applications with variety of impeller types and accessories;
Canada Blower engineers provide a professional advice and recommend a right fan for every application & oven / plenum design;
The fan offering provides competitive replacement fans to Garden City, Lau, IGE, Alloy Fabricating fan models; repairs, re-build & balancing;
Unique high temperature water-cooled motors for operation up to 2300 F.

High Temperature Blowers & Fans

Fans with ambient air cooling systems handling hot airstreams must have sufficient airflow and be kept in operation until airstream temperatures cool below 120 F to prevent damage to the fan unit. The Tubeaxial fan ambient air cooling system is only effective while fan is operating.

There are two major types of high temperature fans – centrifugal and axial:

Centrifugal Wheels:

Multiblade forward curve wheel. This type of wheel is usually specified where there is a necessity for large volumes of flow against low to medium static pressure requirements. The forward curve blade is that it delivers the same volume of air as either the backward or radial blade wheel, at a lower fan speed, which is important due to wheel stresses at elevated temperatures. This fan is the most common type used in all types of heat treatment operations except where a buildup of material on the blades could occur, as wheel unbalance would result.
Radial Blade, paddle wheel type fans. This type of wheel is usually specified where there is a necessity for medium volumes of flow against medium to large static pressures. The paddle wheel is considered a self cleaning type of wheel. It could be used where there are various materials or dust in the air stream. Due to its structurally strong design, it is used in many heat treatment applications at very high temperatures where maximum fan longevity is desired.

Axial Blade Wheels:

The axial blade wheel is usually specified where there is a need for very large volumes of flows against low static pressure. Axial wheel like the multi-blade forward curve type wheel could cause an axial fan to deliver different air volumes at the same static pressure, if the total pressure requirement of the fan system was underestimated. This type of fan is ideally suited where a large volume of flow is required with a minimum of duct work and is used extensively for small and large furnaces, such as aluminum annealing.

Fans handling hot airstreams must have sufficient airflow and be kept in operation until airstream temperatures cool below 120 F to prevent damage to the fan unit. The Tubeaxial fan ambient air cooling system is only effective while fan is operating.

For additional information please refer to http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/index.html.

Oleg Cthetchel
Canadian Process Design Engineer
Northern Industrial Co.
http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/products/industrialfan_blowers.html
http://northernindustrialsupplycompany.com/manufacturers.html

Engineering of high temperature fans and blowers for operating up to 2,200 F.

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fan@cogeco.ca

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